Also, for some reason when I set the pipeline for my this.background (a sprite), it shrinks my sprite. I pass in the resolution of my scene to my shader
When a shader is applied to a camera, the entire scene is rendered normally, then passed to the shader as a flat image. Depending on what your shader does, it may not be visible when applied to a camera.
If you want objects to be separately processed by the shader, you have to individually enable the pipeline on each one. A quick way to do this is to just iterate the display list (this.children in a scene).